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R. Domestic credit towards the private sector by banks. Sum of total assets and liabilities in foreign countries as a share of GDP. EKC Hypothesis
sustainabilityArticleA C6 Ceramide MedChemExpress Quantitative Approach of Subway Station Passengers’ Heterogeneity of Selection Preference Thinking of Character Traits through Emergency EvacuationHeng Wang 1 , Zehao Jiang 2 , Tiandong Xu three,four, and Feng Li 1, 3The Crucial Laboratory of Road and Visitors Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; [email protected] Division of Building Management, College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technologies, Wuhan 430074, China; [email protected] College of Design and style, Building and Preparing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Urban Transport Institute, China Academy of Urban Organizing and Style, Beijing 100044, China Correspondence: [email protected] (T.X.); [email protected] (F.L.)Citation: Wang, H.; Jiang, Z.; Xu, T.; Li, F. A Quantitative Approach of Subway Station Passengers’ Heterogeneity of Selection Preference Thinking of Personality Traits for the duration of Emergency Evacuation. Sustainability 2021, 13, 12540. https://doi.org/ ten.3390/su132212540 Academic Editors: Rong-Chang Jou, Ming-Che Chao, Yuan-Chan Wu and Tzu-Ying Chen Received: 29 September 2021 Accepted: 9 November 2021 Published: 12 NovemberAbstract: Subway station emergencies are gradually Alvelestat Data Sheet growing in China. The aim of this analysis is to study the effects of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” around the heterogeneity of passengers’ decision-making preference and explore the relationship among heterogeneity and personality. Firstly, a questionnaire of 20 emergency evacuation scenarios, that incorporates the Eysenck Character Questionnaire, is made. Secondly, the heterogeneity of passengers’ selection preference is quantified by the random parameter logit model. Ultimately, personality traits and influencing components are made use of as abscissa and ordinate respectively, to study the connection in between personality traits and preference heterogeneity. The outcomes show that the coefficients of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” are -0.101, 0.236 and -0.442 respectively, which are statistically substantial. The proportion of extroverted passengers from the exit is 9 higher than that of introverted passengers when “Pedestrian flow” in the exit is higher than the average worth, whilst the proportion of introverted passengers is 7 greater than that of extroverted passengers when “Crowd density” is smaller sized than the typical value. The conclusion is that the three influence aspects are random variables, and “Dist” shows the lowest degree of heterogeneity. Extroverted passengers are additional most likely to follow a large crowd for evacuation, but introverted passengers are much more likely to avoid crowded exits. Search phrases: subway stations; emergency evacuation; random parameter logit model; preference heterogeneity; Eysenck Character Questionnaire1. Introduction Subway has become certainly one of by far the most preferred modes of transportation because of its convenience. Nevertheless, it is quite quick to lead to casualties of passengers in case of an emergency because of the high sealing and independence of subway stations. Some emergencies lead to crowd evacuation, for example fire, terrorist attacks and so on. Especially in recent years, the emergence of COVID-19 has also brought on the problem of crowd evacuation in the high sealing and independence areas. Some scholars have s.