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Assessment ARTICLEpublished: 23 April 2013 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2013.D-serineas a gliotransmitter and its roles in brain development and diseaseMarion R. Van Horn, Mari Sild and Edward S. Ruthazer*Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaEdited by: Keith Murai, McGill University, Canada Reviewed by: Carole Escartin, Molecular Imaging Research Center, France Keith Murai, McGill University, Canada Thomas Papouin, Tufts University School of Medicine, USA *Correspondence: Edward S. Ruthazer, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4. e-mail: [email protected] improvement of new procedures to study glial cells has revealed that they’re active participants inside the improvement of functional neuronal circuits. Calcium imaging studies demonstrate that glial cells actively sense and respond to neuronal activity. Glial cells can produce and release neu.